Peer pressure can significantly influence teenage decision-making, often leading to both positive and negative outcomes. It can manifest in various forms, such as the pressure to engage in risky behaviors, conform to certain social norms, or make choices that align with the group rather than individual values. For example, teenagers may feel compelled to try alcohol or drugs to fit in with their peers, even if they are aware of the potential consequences.

To resist negative influences of peer pressure, teenagers can employ several strategies. One effective approach is to build strong self-esteem and confidence, which can help individuals stay true to their beliefs and resist succumbing to external pressures. Additionally, fostering open communication with parents or trusted adults can provide teenagers with a support system and guidance when faced with challenging decisions. Encouraging critical thinking skills and the ability to assert one's own opinions can also empower teenagers to make independent choices.

References:

• Steinberg, L. (2008). A social neuroscience perspective on adolescent risk-taking. Developmental Review, 28(1), 78-106.
• Prinstein, M. J., & Dodge, K. A. (2008). Understanding peer influence in children and adolescents. Guilford Press.