Proper nutrition and regular exercise play crucial roles in fertility for both men and women. A balanced diet that includes essential nutrients such as folic acid, iron, and antioxidants can help improve reproductive health. For example, folic acid is known to reduce the risk of ovulatory failure in women, while antioxidants like vitamin C and E can help improve sperm quality in men.

Furthermore, maintaining a healthy weight through regular exercise can positively impact fertility. Obesity has been linked to hormonal imbalances and ovulatory disorders in women, while in men, it can lead to decreased sperm quality and erectile dysfunction. On the other hand, being underweight can also disrupt menstrual cycles in women and reduce sperm production in men.

References:

• "Effect of folic acid and zinc supplementation in men on semen quality and live birth among couples undergoing infertility treatment" - A randomized clinical trial published in JAMA Network Open
• "The association of antioxidant nutrients and male infertility" - A review article in the Asian Journal of Andrology
• "Obesity and fertility" - A study published in Fertility and Sterility