Proper nutrition and regular exercise play a crucial role in fertility for both men and women. A well-balanced diet that includes essential nutrients such as folic acid, iron, and antioxidants can help improve fertility in women. For example, foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids, such as salmon and flaxseeds, can support reproductive health by regulating hormones and reducing inflammation.

Similarly, maintaining a healthy weight through regular exercise can also positively impact fertility. Research has shown that women with a body mass index (BMI) either below or above the normal range may experience difficulties conceiving. Exercise, such as brisk walking, yoga, or swimming, not only helps in weight management but also reduces stress levels, which can contribute to improved fertility.

For men, a nutritious diet and regular physical activity are equally important. Certain nutrients like zinc, vitamin C, and antioxidants found in fruits, vegetables, and nuts can enhance sperm quality and motility. Additionally, engaging in moderate exercise can help maintain hormonal balance and prevent conditions such as obesity and diabetes, which can negatively affect male fertility.

References:

1. "Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Fertility" - Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2018
2. "The Impact of Physical Activity on Female Fertility" - Fertility and Sterility, 2019
3. "Diet and Male Fertility: A Review of the Evidence" - Journal of Andrology, 2019