When it comes to treating cat scratches, it's important to take prompt and proper action to prevent infection and promote healing. Here is a step-by-step guide to help you provide first aid for cat scratches:

1. Assess the severity: Start by evaluating the severity of the scratch. If it's a minor scratch with no bleeding, you can proceed with basic first aid. However, if the scratch is deep, bleeding excessively, or shows signs of infection (such as redness, swelling, or pus), it's important to seek medical attention.
2. Clean the scratch: Before treating the scratch, wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water to prevent any potential infection. Then, gently clean the scratch with mild soap and lukewarm water. Avoid using harsh chemicals or antiseptics, as they may irritate the wound.
3. Control bleeding: If the scratch is bleeding, apply gentle pressure using a clean cloth or sterile gauze pad. Elevate the affected area, if possible, to help reduce blood flow and promote clotting. If bleeding persists or is severe, seek medical attention.
4. Apply an antiseptic: Once the scratch is clean and bleeding is under control, apply a topical antiseptic to help prevent infection. Examples of commonly used antiseptics include povidone-iodine or hydrogen peroxide. Follow the instructions on the packaging for proper application.
5. Protect the scratch: To keep the scratch clean and prevent further irritation, cover it with a sterile adhesive bandage or gauze pad. Make sure the covering is secure but not too tight, allowing proper airflow for healing.
6. Monitor for signs of infection: Keep a close eye on the scratch for any signs of infection, such as increasing pain, redness, swelling, warmth, or drainage of pus. If you notice any of these symptoms, consult a healthcare professional.
7. Encourage healing: Help the scratch heal by keeping it clean and dry. Avoid picking at scabs or scratching the area, as it may delay the healing process and increase the risk of infection.
8. Administer tetanus shot, if needed: If the cat scratch is deep or caused by a dirty object, it's important to ensure your tetanus vaccination is up to date. If not, consult a healthcare professional to determine if a tetanus shot is necessary.
9. Keep the cat calm: Finally, it's essential to prevent future cat scratches by keeping the cat calm and properly handling them. Avoid rough play or provoking behaviors that may lead to scratches.

Remember, this guide is not a substitute for professional medical advice. If you have any concerns or the scratch worsens, consult a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and treatment.

For further information and references, you can refer to reputable sources such as:

• Mayo Clinic - First Aid for Cuts
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - Tetanus Vaccination
• National Center for Biotechnology Information - Cat Scratch Disease

Remember to always consult a medical professional or veterinarian for personalized advice.