Chocolate holds a rich history that dates back to ancient Mesoamerica. The Mesoamerican civilizations, such as the Mayans and Aztecs, were the first to discover and cultivate cacao beans, the key ingredient in chocolate.
For the Mayans, cacao was considered a divine gift from the gods. They believed that the cacao tree was a bridge between the earthly and spiritual realms. Mayans consumed chocolate in various forms, including as a beverage. They would grind roasted cacao beans into a paste and mix it with water, spices, and sometimes even chili peppers to create a frothy and bitter drink.
The Aztecs, who later inherited the knowledge of cacao cultivation from the Mayans, also revered chocolate. They called it "xocoatl" and considered it a luxury reserved for the elite and religious ceremonies. Aztec ruler Montezuma was said to consume large quantities of chocolate daily, believing it to be an aphrodisiac and a source of strength.
Both the Mayans and Aztecs used cacao beans as a form of currency. They valued chocolate so highly that it was often used in trade and as a means of payment for goods and services. Cacao beans were also used in religious rituals and offerings.
References:
Presilla, M. E. (2009). The New Taste of Chocolate: A Cultural and Natural History of Cacao with Recipes. Berkeley: Ten Speed Press.
Thompson, J. E. S. (1996). The Rise and Fall of Maya Civilization. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.
Coe, S. D., & Coe, M. D. (2013). The True History of Chocolate. London: Thames & Hudson.
These references provide in-depth information on the Mesoamerican roots of chocolate, including the cultural significance and historical context.