Psychiatric Interviews for Teaching: Depression

Overview

Conducting psychiatric interviews focused on depression is a crucial skill for mental health professionals. These interviews help identify symptoms, understand the patient's experience, and formulate a treatment plan. Here’s a guide to conducting a psychiatric interview specifically targeting depression.

Goals of the Interview

• Assess Symptoms: Determine the presence and severity of depressive symptoms.
• Understand Context: Explore the patient's personal history, triggers, and psychosocial factors.
• Evaluate Functioning: Assess how depression impacts daily life, including work, relationships, and self-care.
• Identify Risk: Evaluate any risk factors for self-harm or suicide.

Structure of the Interview

Introduction:

Build rapport by introducing yourself and explaining the purpose of the interview.

Ensure confidentiality and discuss how the information will be used.

Presenting Problem:

Ask the patient to describe what brings them in. Example: “Can you tell me about what you’ve been experiencing lately?”

Symptom Assessment:

Use standardized questions to assess core symptoms of depression:

Mood: “How would you describe your mood over the past few weeks?”

Anhedonia: “Have you lost interest in activities you used to enjoy?”

Sleep: “How have you been sleeping? Any changes in your sleep patterns?”

Appetite: “Have you noticed any changes in your appetite or weight?”

Energy: “How is your energy level during the day?”

Concentration: “Have you found it hard to concentrate or make decisions?”

Duration and Impact:

Ask about the duration of symptoms: “When did you first notice these feelings?”

Discuss how these symptoms affect their daily functioning: “How has this impacted your work or relationships?”

Psychosocial History:

Explore any relevant personal history, including:

Family history of depression or other mental health issues.

Recent life stressors (loss, change in job, etc.).

Social support network.

Risk Assessment:

Assess for suicidal thoughts or self-harm: “Have you had any thoughts of harming yourself or feeling hopeless?”

Determine any previous suicide attempts or self-harm behaviors.

Closing the Interview:

Summarize the key points discussed to ensure understanding.

Discuss next steps, which may include further assessment, referrals, or treatment options.

Follow-Up

Documentation: Document the findings clearly, noting symptoms, risk assessment, and recommendations.

Collaboration: If appropriate, collaborate with other professionals (e.g., primary care, therapists) for comprehensive care.

Conclusion

Conducting a thorough psychiatric interview for depression is essential for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment planning. By following a structured approach, you can gather crucial information while building a trusting relationship with the patient.