Yes, peanut butter can go bad, but it has a long shelf life compared to many other food products. The shelf life of peanut butter depends on various factors such as the type of peanut butter, storage conditions, and the presence of additives.

Unopened commercially produced peanut butter usually has a shelf life of about 1-2 years, thanks to the high oil content and the hydrogenation process that helps preserve it. Natural or homemade peanut butter, which lacks hydrogenation, has a shorter shelf life of around 3-6 months. However, it is important to note that these are just general guidelines, and the actual shelf life can vary.

Once opened, the shelf life of peanut butter decreases due to exposure to air, moisture, and potential contamination. The oil in peanut butter can go rancid over time, resulting in a stale or off-flavor. Signs of spoilage in peanut butter include an unusual smell, a change in color (e.g., darkening), and the development of mold. If any of these signs are present, it is best to discard the peanut butter.

Improper storage conditions can also accelerate the spoilage of peanut butter. Exposure to heat, sunlight, and high humidity can promote the growth of bacteria, yeast, and mold, leading to spoilage. It is advisable to store peanut butter in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight.

To maximize the shelf life of peanut butter, some manufacturers add stabilizers or preservatives like hydrogenated oils, salt, or sugar. These additives can extend the shelf life and prevent the growth of bacteria or mold. However, it is important to read the label and be aware of any potential allergens or additives that may not be desirable.

In conclusion, while peanut butter can go bad, it typically has a long shelf life if stored properly. It is essential to check for signs of spoilage and use your judgment when consuming peanut butter past its recommended shelf life.

References:

1. USDA FoodKeeper App: https://www.foodsafety.gov/foodkeeper-app
2. StillTasty: https://www.stilltasty.com/