Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects the central nervous system. While the exact cause of Parkinson's is still unknown, research suggests that environmental triggers play a significant role in its development.

One of the environmental factors linked to Parkinson's is exposure to certain toxins. For example, studies have shown that individuals exposed to pesticides, such as paraquat and rotenone, have a higher risk of developing Parkinson's disease. These chemicals can disrupt the normal functioning of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain, leading to the characteristic motor symptoms of Parkinson's.

Another environmental trigger is heavy metal exposure. Research has found a correlation between high levels of certain metals, such as lead and manganese, and an increased risk of Parkinson's disease. These metals can accumulate in the brain over time and cause oxidative stress, leading to neuronal damage and the development of Parkinson's symptoms.

Furthermore, air pollution has also been linked to Parkinson's disease. Particulate matter and other pollutants present in the air can enter the body through inhalation and reach the brain. These pollutants can trigger inflammation and oxidative stress, contributing to the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons.

In addition to toxins and air pollution, certain lifestyle factors may also act as environmental triggers for Parkinson's. For instance, research suggests that chronic inflammation, which can be caused by a poor diet, obesity, or smoking, may increase the risk of developing Parkinson's disease. Inflammation can lead to damage in the brain and contribute to the progression of the disease.

It is important to note that while these environmental triggers have been associated with Parkinson's disease, they do not guarantee the development of the condition. Parkinson's is a complex disease, and individual susceptibility may vary.

References:

1. Ascherio, A., & Schwarzschild, M. A. (2016). The epidemiology of Parkinson's disease: risk factors and prevention. The Lancet Neurology, 15(12), 1257-1272.
2. Tanner, C. M., Kamel, F., Ross, G. W., Hoppin, J. A., Goldman, S. M., Korell, M., ... & Comyns, K. (2011). Rotenone, paraquat, and Parkinson's disease. Environmental health perspectives, 119(6), 866-872.
3. Block, M. L., & Calderón-Garcidueñas, L. (2009). Air pollution: mechanisms of neuroinflammation and CNS disease. Trends in neurosciences, 32(9), 506-516.